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Jaguar Monolith with Serpents at Kuntur Wasi
Photo by A.Davey
Según el arqueólogo Yasutake Kato:
El descubrimiento del tercer monolito, Monolito 89-2, tiene mayor importancia. Es una piedra de 155 cm de longitud, 45 cm de altura y 30 cm de ancho, que tiene un dibujo grabado de 85 x 30 cm, en el lado frontal. Lo hemos encontrado en la escalera sureste de CP-Plz Cuadrangular in situ. Servía como el último peldaño superior de esta escalera.
El dibujo representa dos caras de perfil de jaguar enfrentadas, también se ve como una sola cara frontal. Los cabellos están formados por serpientes. Tienen orejeras típicas. Las bocas están un poco abiertas con colmillos grandes. Los ojos están
rodeados por la cola de serpiente.
Los importante es que hay dos monolitos comparables, que fueron encontrados en el año 1946, Monolito 46-3 y Monolito 46-4. Dicen que estos dos monolitos estaban en el área donde hemos descubierto la Plaza Cuadrangular. Los dos monolitos han sido descritos frecuentemente en las literaturas arqueológicas como dinteles.
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According to the archaeologist Yasutake Kato:
The discovery of the third monolith, Monolith 1989-2, is more important. It is a stone that is 5 feet long, 1.5 feet high and 1 foot deep bearing a carved image 2.7 feet wide by 1 foot high on the front. We found it on the southeast stairway of the Quadrangular Plaza. It served as the top riser of the stairway.
The image represents two jaguar faced in profile facing one another; the two of them also form a single portrait face. The hair is made up of serpents. They have typical ear spools. The mouths are slightly open with large fangs. The eyes are surrounded by a snake’s tail.
What’s important is that there are two comparable monoliths that were found in the year 1946, Monolith 46-3 and Monolith 46-4. They say these two monoliths were in the area where we uncovered the Quadrangular Plaza. The two monoliths have been described in the archaeological literature as thresholds.
"Results of the Excavations at Kuntur Wasi, Cajamarca," Senri Ethnological Studies 37 (1993).
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According to Wikipedia:
Kuntur Wasi (Quechua kuntur condor, wasi house, "condor house") is the name given to the ruins of a religious center with complex architecture and stone sculptures, located in the Andean highlands of Peru.
It is believed the inhabitants had a link with the Chavín culture.
Kuntur Wasi is located in the Northern Mountain Range of Peru, specifically at the headwaters of the Jequetepeque River, in the region of the city of Cajamarca near the small town of San Pablo. The Jequetepeque valley provided a transportation corridor between the coastal region and the highlands.
Kuntur Wasi was a center where people congregated.
It is thought to have been constructed around 1000-700 BCE, during the Initial Period. The architecture consists of a hill-top temple, quadrangular platforms, a sunken courtyard, and series of rooms.
In the floor of one room there is an anthropomorphic figure made of clay, about 30 inches (75 cm) in height. It is painted with cinnabar red, malachite green, and black, yellow, and pink. Its face has big square eyes and a wide mouth with prominent canine teeth. There are also stepped platforms and funeral structures.
Lithosculptures have been found, similar to the Chavín style.
Kuntur Wasi was occupied between the years 1200-50 BC.
It was first discovered in 1945 by Julio C. Tello. In 1989, scientists from the University of Tokyo excavated four tombs at Kuntur Wasi. Valuable items, such as pectoral necklaces (decorative breastplates), gold crowns, ornamental stone beads, earrings, sets of dishes and iconographies of people were discovered in the burial area.
Since the beginning of the University of Tokyo’s archaeological mission, eight tombs have been found in the area.
The Kuntur Wasi Museum, managed by local citizens, opened in 1994.
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Según Wikipedia:
Kuntur Wasi es un sitio arqueológico que data del Formativo Inferior, se encuentra ubicado en el centro poblado del mismo nombre, en la provincia de San Pablo, en el departamento de Cajamarca, en el Perú.
En la lengua quechua Kuntur Wasi significa "Casa del Cóndor". Según el arqueológo japonés, Yoshio Onuki, estudioso principal de este sitio arqueológico, Kuntur Wasi es una expresión prechavín pero que posteriormente posee una gran influencia no solo de Chavín sino también de Cupisnique especialmente en la orfebrería y la cerámica.
Kuntur Wasi pasó por los siguientes periodos:
Fase Ídolo: Construcción del centro ceremonial con pisos enlucidos con cal de color blanco. En esta fase hay una cierta relación con Huacaloma y Pacopampa.
Fase Kuntur: Construcción de un nuevo complejo ceremonial en forma de U. Se desarrolla la cerámica fina y la orfebrería.
Fase Copa: Modificación del complejo arquitectónico ceremonial y la renovación del sistema de canales de drenaje.
Fase Sotera: Existe una relación con la Fase Layzón del valle de Cajamarca. Corresponde a la decadencia de Kuntur Wasi.
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